Ala. Code § 40-31-3 — Temporary Presence and Residency in State for Purpose of Responding to Declared State of Emergency

(a) An out-of-state employee performing disaster or emergency related work on infrastructure owned or operated by a registered business, municipality, county, or public corporation shall not be considered to have established residency or a presence in the state that would require that person or his or her employer to file and pay income taxes or to be subject to tax withholdings or to file and pay any other state or local tax or fee which is based on a physical presence in the State of Alabama or with a local taxing jurisdiction during one or more disaster periods. This includes any related state or local employer withholdings and remittance obligations, but does not include any transaction taxes and fees as described in subsection (d).
(b) Any out-of-state business that has no registrations or tax filings or nexus in the state prior to a declared state disaster or emergency that enters the state solely to conduct operations within the state for purposes of performing disaster or emergency related work during any disaster period shall not: (1) With respect to the requirements of Alabama law other than those codified in Title 37, be considered to have established a level of presence that would require that business or its out-of-state employees or property to be subject to any state or local taxes, licensing, registration, or filing requirements including, without limitation, state or local income taxes, payroll taxes, occupational and business licensing fees, privilege or franchise taxes, certification requirements, or Secretary of State licensing requirements, and (2) with respect to the requirements of Title 37, be subject to the certification requirements of Section 37-2-4 or Section 37-2A-9. Except as expressly provided in the preceding sentence, nothing in this chapter shall be construed to amend or affect any other provisions or requirements of Title 37. For the purpose of apportioning income, the payroll, sales or gross receipts, and property of the business related to the conduct of disaster or emergency work shall not be sourced or taxable to or by the state or any locality. The out-of-state business shall also not be subject to any use tax or ad valorem tax on equipment brought into the state during a disaster period for use or consumption during the disaster period. Business that is conducted in this state pursuant to this chapter shall be disregarded with respect to whether a return must be filed for such tax or fee including any filing required for a unitary or combined group of which the out-of-state business may be a part.
(c) Any out-of-state business that has registrations or tax filings or nexus in the state prior to a declared state disaster or emergency shall not: (1) With respect to the requirements of Alabama law other than those codified in Title 37, be considered to have established an additional level of presence, to the extent such business conducts additional operations within the state for purposes of performing disaster or emergency related work on infrastructure owned or operated by a registered business, municipality, county, or public corporation during any disaster period, that would require that business or its out-of-state employees or property to be further subject to any state or local taxes, licensing, registration, or filing requirements including, without limitation, state or local income taxes, occupational and business licensing fees, payroll taxes, privilege or franchise taxes, certification requirements, or Secretary of State licensing requirements, except for transaction-based taxes provided for in subsection (d) and (2) with respect to the requirements of Title 37, be subject to the certification requirements of Section 37-2-4 or Section 37-2A-9. Except as expressly provided in the preceding sentence, nothing in this chapter shall be construed to amend or affect any other provisions or requirements of Title 37. For the purpose of apportioning income, the payroll, sales or gross receipts, and property of the business related to the conduct of disaster or emergency work shall not be sourced or taxable to or by the state or any locality. The business shall also not be subject to any use tax or ad valorem tax on equipment brought into the state during a disaster period for use or consumption during the disaster period. Business that is conducted in this state pursuant to this chapter shall be disregarded with respect to whether a return must be filed for such tax or fee including any filing required for a unitary or combined group of which the out-of-state business may be a part.
(d) Except as otherwise provided in subsections (b) and (c), nothing in this chapter shall exempt an out-of-state employee and out-of-state business from paying transaction-based taxes and fees during the disaster period including, but not limited to, fuel taxes, lodging taxes, and automobile leasing taxes.
(e) Any out-of-state employee or out-of-state business that remains in or otherwise enters the state after one or more disaster periods shall thereafter become subject to the state’s normal standards for establishing presence, residency, or doing business in the state, state and local registration requirements, licensing requirements, filing requirements, and employee and business tax requirements, but not retroactive to the disaster period.
(f) An out-of-state business, upon request, shall provide to the Secretary of State and to the Department of Revenue a statement that the business is in the state for the purpose of responding to the declared state disaster or emergency, which statement shall include the name of the business, state of domicile, principal business address, federal taxpayer identification number, date of entry, and contact information.
(g) A registered business in the state, upon request, shall provide the information required in subsection (f) for any affiliate that is an out-of-state business, including contact information for the registered business.
(h) Nothing in this chapter shall be interpreted to exempt any out-of-state business, out-of-state employee, or individual from securing and paying applicable license and related fees imposed by professional licensing boards of the State of Alabama.